ABSTRACT
Objective To select the optimum process of granule spray for Tangwang Mingmu Granules, To improve the yield and finished product quality. Methods The effects of the relative density, the type of excipients, the ratio of the extract and the excipient, the inlet temperature-the material temperature, the spray rate and the atomization pressure were selected by single factor and orthogonal test respectively to determine the optimum preparation process. Validation for three batch sample, particle flow, hygroscopicity and other related content of the preparation were studied. Results The optimum spray granulation process of Tangwang Mingmu Granules: the relative density of extract (60 ℃ determination) was 1.15–1.20; the excipient was selected as dextrin; the ratio of dry extract and excipient was 58:42; inlet temperature - material temperature was 90-75 ℃; atomization pressure was 0.12 mPa;spray rate was 10 Hz.Conclusion The preparation technology of Tangwang Mingmu Granules optimized in this study is with high preparation rate, good fluidity and hygroscopicity, which can be used for the preparation of Tangwang Mingmu Granules.
ABSTRACT
Objective To establish a simple and specific method for the determination of rhaponticin in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma. Methods A comparison of the methods of polyamide, silica gel TLC and HPLC in the determination of rhaponticin was studied to investigate the optimum way to identify authentic Rhei Radix et Rhizoma. Results The durability of polyamide and silica gel TLC method for the determination of rhaponticin in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma was poor. HPLC method was more suitable for the detection of rhaponticin. Conclusion HPLC method is accurate and reliable, and can be used for the quality control of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and provide references for the authenticity of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma.
ABSTRACT
This study was establish an UPLC fingerprint of Xanthii Fructus from different habitats, to provide a comprehensive evaluation for its quality control. UPLC-PDA was adopted to analysis of 26 baches of Xanthii Fructus from different habitats. The chromatographic condition was as follow: ACQUITY BEH C18 Column (2.1 mm x 100 mm,1.7 microm) eluted with the mobile phases of acetonitrile and 0.1% phosphoric acid water in gradient mode. The flow rate was 0.25 mL x min(-1) and the detection wavelength was set at 220 nm. The fingerprints of 26 batches Xanthii Fructus were carried out by similarity comparation, cluster and the principal component analysis (PCA). There were nineteen common peaks, nine of which had been identified, and the similarity degrees of the twenty-six batches of the samples were between 0.804 and 0.990. All the samples were classified into six categories, and the PCA value of each fingerprint peak was calculated, and six principal components accounted for over 81. 140% of the total variance were extracted from the original data This method can be used to assess the quality of Xanthii Fructus.
Subject(s)
China , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Methods , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Ecosystem , Fruit , Chemistry , Quality Control , Xanthium , ChemistryABSTRACT
Purpose: To study the expression of VEGF, VEGF-C, fit-4 in breast cancer and its relationship with lymph node metastasis and explore the significance of lymphangiogenesis on metastasis via lymphtics. Methods: Paraffin-embedded specimens from 82 patients with primary breast cancer who had undergone radical mastectomy with lymph node dissection were studied. VEGF, VEGF-C, flt-4 expression were investigated by immunohistochemical staining. Results: Positive staining for VEGF, VEGF-C, flt-4 were observed in some breast cancer cells. Furthermore, the expression of VEGF-C, flt-4 were significantly higher in lymph node-positive group than in node-negative group. Correlation was found within the expression of VEGF-C, flt4 also. Conclusions: Clinical significance was found between VEGF-C, flt-4 expression and lymph-node metastasis in breast cancer, and may be involved in the metastatic process.